Adjustable ROM Braces: Key to Injury Recovery
The use of braces with adjustable Range of Motion (ROM) plays a critical role in the rehabilitation process following injuries or surgeries, particularly concerning elbow fractures. These braces are designed to allow controlled movement, facilitating healing without causing further damage to the tissue. Here's a detailed guide on how to use these braces in different scenarios:
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Normal Condition (Intact Ligaments):
- Initial Phase: In cases where the ligaments are intact, an elbow brace is set at a 90° flexion with the forearm in an intermediate position. This setup is crucial in the acute phase immediately following an injury or surgery.
- Progressive Mobilization: After 1–7 days, the patient can gradually start mobilizing the elbow in flexion-extension and pronation-supination movements. It's important to put the elbow back in the brace after these exercises.
- Post 7–15 Days: The brace is removed, and the patient can perform mobilization exercises to regain complete ROM.
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Ulnar Lateral Collateral Ligament (ULCL) Injury:
- Initial Phase: For ULCL injuries, the elbow should be braced at 90° flexion with the forearm in pronation.
- Progressive Mobilization: After 1–7 days, protected mobilization in flexion-extension with the forearm in pronation can begin. Additionally, mobilization in pronation-supination with the elbow flexed is also started.
- Precautions: For six weeks, it's crucial to avoid full extension in supination and shoulder abduction combined with intra-rotation without a brace.
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Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury:
- Initial Phase: In MCL injuries, the elbow is placed in a brace at 90° flexion with the forearm in supination.
- Progressive Mobilization: After 1–7 days, the patient can start protected mobilization in flexion-extension with the forearm supine, and pronation-supination mobilization with the elbow flexed.
- Precautions: For six weeks, full extension in pronation should be avoided.
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Combined ULCL and MCL Injury:
- Initial Phase: When both the ULCL and MCL are injured, brace the elbow at 90° flexion with the forearm in an intermediate position.
- Progressive Mobilization: After 1–7 days, start protected mobilization in flexion-extension in intermediate rotation and pronation-supination with the elbow flexed.
- Precautions: For six weeks, avoid maximum extension in supination or pronation.
Throughout this rehabilitation process, it's essential to maintain a balance between protecting the healing tissue and encouraging mobility to regain full function. Each stage should be approached carefully, respecting the body's healing process and the specific needs based on the type and severity of the injury. Regular consultation with healthcare professionals is vital to ensure a safe and effective recovery.